How to Say "Sword" in Sanskrit

खड्ग

khaḍga/kʰɐɖ.ɡɐ́/masculine

The Sanskrit word for sword is खड्ग (khaḍga). Wiktionary also lists कृपाण (kṛpāṇa) and असि (asi).

Meaning: weapon (noun)

Ways to say it

“sword” in Sanskrit
Sanskrit	Romanization (Wiktionary)	IPA	Note
खड्ग	khaḍga	/kʰɐɖ.ɡɐ́/ (Vedic) /kʰɐɖ.ɡɐ/ (Classical Sanskrit)	masculine
कृपाण	kṛpāṇa	/kr̩.pɑː.ɳɐ/ (Vedic) /kr̩.pɑː.ɳɐ/ (Classical Sanskrit)
असि	asi	/ɐ.sí/ (Vedic) /ɐ.s̪i/ (Classical Sanskrit)	masculine

कृपाण often carries a connotation of a ritual or sacred weapon, frequently used in poetic or religious contexts. असि is a masculine noun.

खड्ग is a masculine noun and will take masculine declension patterns in a sentence. असि is also a masculine noun.

The word खड्ग is pronounced /kʰɐɖ.ɡɐ́/. It has 2 syllables.

The term असि is a distant linguistic relative of the Latin word 'ensis', meaning 'sword'. Both likely evolved from a very ancient Proto-Indo-European word for 'dagger'.
Sanskrit literature often uses the word असि in metaphors for 'the sword of knowledge' that cuts through the veil of ignorance.
In ancient Indian iconography, the goddess Durga is often depicted holding a खड्ग to symbolize the destruction of the ego and evil forces.

सः खड्गं धारयति।
saḥ khaḍgaṃ dhārayati.
He holds a sword.
खड्गः अति तीक्ष्णः अस्ति।
khaḍgaḥ ati tīkṣṇaḥ asti.
The sword is very sharp.
योद्धा खड्गं प्राप्तवान्।
yoddhā khaḍgaṃ prāptavān.
The warrior obtained a sword.

Two friends are looking at a museum exhibit of ancient weapons.

विवान Vivaan

पश्य अनन्ये, एषः खड्गः अतीव सुन्दरः अस्ति।
paśya ananye, eṣaḥ khaḍgaḥ atīva sundaraḥ asti.
Look Ananya, this sword is very beautiful.
अनन्या Ananya

आम् विवान, एषः खड्गः प्राचीनः अस्ति।
ām vivāna, eṣaḥ khaḍgaḥ prācīnaḥ asti.
Yes Vivan, this sword is ancient.
विवान Vivaan

किं त्वं खड्गं प्रयोक्तुं शक्नोषि?
kiṃ tvaṃ khaḍgaṃ prayoktuṃ śaknoṣi?
Can you use a sword?
अनन्या Ananya

न, अहं खड्गं न जानामि।
na, ahaṃ khaḍgaṃ na jānāmi.
No, I do not know how to use a sword.

Sources

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