If you ever find yourself facing a broken object or want to express that something is not functioning as it should in Japanese, it’s important to know how to convey this message effectively. In this guide, we will cover various ways to say something is broken in Japanese, including both formal and informal expressions. Additionally, we will provide tips, examples, and regional variations to help you navigate the intricacies of Japanese communication. Let’s dive in!
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Formal Expressions
When it comes to formal situations, such as speaking to your boss, teacher, or a stranger, it’s essential to use respectful language. Here are a few formal ways to express that something is broken:
- 壊れました (Kowaremashita): This is a polite way to state that something is broken. It is used when talking to someone of higher status or in formal settings. For example:
すみません、このドアが壊れました。 (Sumimasen, kono doa ga kowaremashita.)
Translation: “I’m sorry, but this door is broken.”
- 故障しました (Koshō shimashita): This formal expression is suitable when referring to technical malfunctions or equipment failure. For instance:
エアコンが故障しましたので、修理してください。 (Eakon ga koshō shimashita node, shūri shite kudasai.)
Translation: “The air conditioner is broken, so please repair it.”
- 使用できません (Shiyō dekimasen): When you want to convey that something is not usable or cannot be used, this expression is appropriate. For example:
この携帯電話は使用できません。 (Kono keitai denwa wa shiyō dekimasen.)
Translation: “This mobile phone cannot be used.”
Informal Expressions
In informal situations, such as conversing with friends, family, or acquaintances, you can use less formal language to express that something is broken. Here are a few informal expressions:
- 壊れちゃった (Kowarechatta): This informal expression is a contraction of “kowaremashita” and implies that something got broken accidentally. For example:
あ、これ壊れちゃった！ (A, kore kowarechatta!)
Translation: “Oh no, this got broken!”
- バキバキになった (Baki baki ni natta): This informal expression describes a situation where something has become completely broken or destroyed. Here’s an example:
友達のギターがバキバキになっちゃった。 (Tomodachi no gitā ga baki baki ni nacchatta.)
Translation: “My friend’s guitar got completely broken.”
- 使えなくなった (Tsukenaku natta): When something becomes unusable, this informal expression conveys that message. For instance:
この時計、もう使えなくなったんだ。 (Kono tokei, mō tsukenaku nattanda.)
Translation: “This watch is not working anymore.”
Tips for Expressing Something is Broken
When discussing a broken item, it’s helpful to keep the following tips in mind:
- Provide context: When expressing that something is broken, it can be beneficial to provide additional information about the situation. For example, you can mention how or when the item broke, or the consequences of the breakage.
- Use appropriate body language: Gestures and facial expressions can help convey the seriousness of the situation. A concerned or disappointed expression combined with pointing to the broken item can emphasize your message effectively.
- Consider the listener: Adapt your language depending on who you are speaking to. Use formal language with people you don’t know well or who are in a higher position than you, and adopt informal expressions when conversing with friends or family.
Regional Variations
Japanese is spoken in various regions, and although most expressions are understood throughout the country, some regional variations exist. Here’s one example:
In the Kansai region, people often use the word アカン (Akan) to convey that something is broken or doesn’t work correctly. For example:
このテレビ、アカンねん。 (Kono terebi, akan nen.)
Translation: “This TV is broken, you know.”
While this variation is not essential for basic communication, it can be useful if you encounter locals or plan to travel to a specific region in Japan.
In conclusion, understanding how to say something is broken in Japanese is crucial when dealing with broken items or equipment. By utilizing formal and informal expressions, providing context, and considering the listener, you can effectively communicate your message. Remember to adapt your language depending on the situation and maintain a respectful tone. Happy Japanese learning!
