という
to iu
The Japanese phrase for "something is called something" is という (to iu).
When placed in the structure [A] という [B], it functions as an adjectival clause that modifies [B], effectively meaning "[B] that is called [A]".
What does it mean word for word?
The phrase is composed of the verb 言う (iu), which means "to say", preceded by the particle と (to), which functions as a quotation marker. Literally, it means "to say that".
How does it change in a sentence?
In the pattern [A] という [B], you are describing [B] as being the thing named [A].
How do you pronounce it?
to iu
Did you know?
- When used in the form というより, the meaning shifts from 'is called' to 'rather than'. It is a very common way to refine a description, such as saying 'it is more X than Y'.
- In highly formal business Japanese, you might encounter the version と申す, which is the humble form of the verb. Using this version shows extreme respect to the person being named or the listener.
- The phrase can be used to express 'the rumor that' or 'they say that' when used without a specific noun following it. In this context, it functions as a way to distance yourself from the truth of a statement.
Examples in context
- これは日本語で何というのですか？Kore wa Nihongo de nan to iu no desu ka?What is this called in Japanese?
- これは「さくら」という名前の花です。Kore wa 'sakura' to iu namae no hana desu.This is a flower called 'sakura'.
- あそこに「おにぎり」という店があります。Asoko ni 'onigiri' to iu mise ga arimasu.There is a shop called 'Onigiri' over there.
Example conversation
Yui and Yota are looking at a menu in a cafe.
- 結衣 Yuiこの「抹茶」という飲み物は、何ですか？Kono 'matcha' to iu nomimono wa, nan desu ka?What is this drink called 'matcha'?
- 陽太 Yotaそれは、緑茶の粉末を使ったお茶だよ。Sore wa, ryokucha no funmatsu o tsukatta ocha da yo.It is tea made with green tea powder.
- 結衣 Yuiへえ、美味しそうですね。Hee, oishisou desu ne.Oh, it looks delicious.
- 陽太 Yota結衣も、一度飲んでみるといいよ。Yui mo, ichido nonde miru to ii yo.You should try drinking it sometime, Yui.
