хто
xto[xtɔ]
The English word "who" is translated into Ukrainian as хто (xto).
Meaning: who? (interrogative pronoun) (pron)
How does it change in a sentence?
The default form хто is the nominative case, used when "who" is the subject of the sentence. Ukrainian uses different forms depending on the grammatical role: use кого for the accusative case when "who" is the direct object, use кому for the dative case when "who" is the indirect object (such as "to whom") and use ким for the instrumental case when "who" is the object of certain prepositions like з (with) or над (over).
How do you pronounce it?
The romanization is xto.
Did you know?
- The word хто is used not only for people but also for animals, whereas in English 'who' is typically reserved for humans.
- The pronoun хто is a direct relative of the English word 'who' through their shared Proto-Indo-European ancestor *kʷos-tod.
- Ukrainian uses the word хто in a common rhetorical expression хто знає, which functions similarly to the English 'who knows' but is used more frequently as a shrug of the shoulders.
Examples in context
- Хто йде з нами?Who will come with us?Tatoeba #635501 by aandrusiak, translation #664023 by bluepie88
- Хто б це робив?Who would do that?Tatoeba #6282590 by deniko, translation #2892880 by CK
- Хто он той тип?Who is that guy?Tatoeba #6567642 by deniko, translation #2270205 by _undertoad
- Хто прийшов на зустріч?Who came to the meeting?
- Хто вам допоміг?Who helped you?
- Ви знаєте, хто є голова правління?Do you know who the chairman is?
- 1717 more sentences on Tatoeba
Example conversation
Dmytro and Iryna are talking in a kitchen about a mysterious phone call.
- Дмитро DmytroХто тобі дзвонив?Khto tobi dzvonyv?Who called you?
- Ірина IrynaЯ не знаю, хто це був.Ya ne znayu, khto tse buv.I don't know who it was.
- Дмитро DmytroМоже, це твій колега?Mozhe, tse tviy koleha?Maybe it was your colleague?
- Ірина IrynaНавряд чи, він зараз на роботі.Navriad chy, vin zaraz na roboti.Unlikely, he is at work right now.
Sources
- Wiktionary, “who” translations and entries хто, CC BY-SA 4.0, dump of 2026-09-26.
- Word origins: Wiktionary entries хто, CC BY-SA 4.0.
- Example sentences: Tatoeba CC BY 2.0 FR.
