Learning how to express “what” in French is essential for effective communication in the language. In this guide, we will explore the various ways to say “what” in both formal and informal contexts. Additionally, we will provide tips, examples, and even touch on regional variations if necessary. So, let’s dive in and expand your French vocabulary!
Table of Contents
Formal Ways to Say “What” in French
When you want to use the formal form of “what” in French, you generally rely on the word “que”. However, the use of “que” significantly varies depending on the context. Here are some common examples:
1. Qu’est-ce que
The most common formal way to say “what” in French is by using the phrase “Qu’est-ce que”. It is a combination of the words “qu’est-ce” (what is it) and “que” (that). This phrase is typically followed by a subject and a verb to form a complete question. For instance:
Qu’est-ce que vous faites? (What are you doing?)
Qu’est-ce qu’il veut? (What does he want?)
2. Qu’est-ce qui
Another formal way to express “what” is by using “Qu’est-ce qui”. This phrase is used to inquire about the subject of a sentence. Note that the verb following “Qu’est-ce qui” agrees with the subject (third person singular/plural) rather than the word “qu’est-ce.” Examples include:
Qu’est-ce qui vous intéresse? (What interests you?)
Qu’est-ce qui se passe? (What is happening?)
Qu’est-ce qui est délicieux? (What is delicious?)
Informal Ways to Say “What” in French
Turning to informal contexts, there are two commonly used expressions to say “what”: “quoi” and “comment”. Let’s explore them further:
1. Quoi
“Quoi” is the most informal and versatile way to say “what” in French. It is often used instead of “Que” in formal contexts. While it can stand alone, it is also frequently combined with other words to form idiomatic expressions. Here are some examples:
Tu veux quoi? (What do you want?)
Tu fais quoi? (What are you doing?)
Quoi de neuf? (What’s new?)
2. Comment
In informal situations, particularly when asking for clarification or repetition, “Comment” is used to mean “what.” It is commonly used when asking someone to repeat or explain what they said. Here are a few examples:
Comment? (What? / Could you repeat, please?)
Comment ça marche? (How does it work?)
Comment tu l’as fait? (How did you do it?)
Regional Variations
While the expressions mentioned above are widely understood throughout the French-speaking world, it is worth noting that regional variations may exist. Specific dialects or local variations might adapt or introduce alternative ways to say “what.” If you are learning French within a specific region or plan to visit a particular French-speaking area, it can be beneficial to explore those regional differences in more detail.
Conclusion
Congratulations on expanding your knowledge of the different ways to say “what” in French! Remember, for formal contexts, you can use “Qu’est-ce que” or “Qu’est-ce qui,” while in informal situations, “Quoi” and “Comment” are commonly used. Understanding these variations and adapting your language accordingly will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in French. Enjoy exploring this beautiful language further!
