When it comes to family relations, it’s important to know how to address your loved ones, especially in different cultures. If you’re wondering how to say “cousin” in China, this guide will provide you with formal and informal ways to address your cousin. While regional variations exist, we’ll focus on the commonly used terms in the Mandarin Chinese language.
Table of Contents
Formal Ways to Say Cousin in China
In formal settings or when addressing older relatives, it’s respectful to use specific terms to show proper etiquette. Here are some formal ways to address your cousin:
1. Biǎogē/表哥 (Older Male Cousin)
Biǎogē, which translates to “older male cousin,” is a formal term used to address your older male cousin. This term is commonly used when addressing male relatives older than you.
Example:
“Biǎogē, qǐngwèn nǐ jīntiān zěnme yàng?” (Cousin, how are you today?)
2. Biǎodi/表弟 (Younger Male Cousin)
Biǎodi, meaning “younger male cousin,” is the appropriate term for addressing your younger male cousin in formal settings.
Example:
“Biǎodi, nǐ hái xiǎoxué háishi zhōngxué ne?” (Cousin, are you still in primary school or are you in middle school now?)
3. Biǎojiě/表姐 (Older Female Cousin)
If you have an older female cousin, you can refer to her as biǎojiě, which means “older female cousin,” within a formal context.
Example:
“Biǎojiě, nǐ zuìjìn zěnme yàng?” (Cousin, how have you been lately?)
4. Biǎomèi/表妹 (Younger Female Cousin)
When addressing your younger female cousin formally, the appropriate term to use is biǎomèi, meaning “younger female cousin.”
Example:
“Biǎomèi, wǒ lái zhǔnbèi nǐ juédìng de shēngrì lǐwù.” (Cousin, I’m preparing a birthday gift for you.)
Informal Ways to Say Cousin in China
In informal settings or when speaking with close cousins, the formalities can be relaxed, and simpler terms can be used. Here are some informal ways to address your cousin:
1. Jiějiě/姐姐 (Older Sister)
In many parts of China, especially in Northern China, it’s common for cousins to refer to their female older cousin as jiějiě, which translates to “older sister” in English.
Example:
“Jiějiě, nǐ kěyǐ gěi wǒ yīfu de yìsi ma?” (Sister, can you give me some advice?)
2. Xiǎodì/小弟 (Younger Brother)
The term xiǎodì, meaning “younger brother,” is often used to address a younger male cousin in informal settings. This term reflects a close and affectionate relationship between cousins.
Example:
“Xiǎodì, nǐ hái xiāngxū?” (Brother, are you still sleepy?)
3. Sāozi/骚子 (General Term)
In some regions of China, a general term used to address cousins, regardless of gender or age, is sāozi. This term is widely used in informal situations and portrays a close and friendly bond.
Example:
“Sāozi, zánmen yīqǐ qù chī wǎnfàn ba!” (Hey cousin, let’s go have dinner together!)
Tips for Addressing Cousins in China
When addressing cousins in China, it’s important to consider some cultural tips to ensure appropriateness and show respect. Here are a few additional pointers:
1. Age Difference
Be mindful of the age difference between you and your cousin to determine the appropriate form of address. It’s important to use the correct honorifics to reflect the hierarchy within the family and show respect.
2. Regional Variations
While the terms mentioned above are widely used in Mandarin Chinese, it’s essential to be aware of regional variations. Some areas may have unique terms to address cousins, so it’s helpful to inquire about local customs when visiting those regions.
3. Tone and Context
The context and familiarity between you and your cousin should influence your choice of address. If you have a very close relationship, using informal terms may be more appropriate. However, in more formal or professional circumstances, it’s best to stick to the formal terms.
Conclusion
Now that you’re equipped with the knowledge of formal and informal ways to say “cousin” in China, you can confidently address your relatives with proper etiquette. Remember to consider the age difference, regional variations, and the context of your relationship when choosing the right term. Whether you opt for the formal or informal address, keep in mind that it’s the warmth and care behind your words that truly matter.
