…と
-to
The English word "with" is translated into Japanese using the particle …と (-to).
More formal versions like とともに or と共に exist for specific contexts.
Meaning: with (prep)
Which one should you use?
とともに is a polite and formal way to express "with". The version と共に is also formal and is frequently seen in written documents, formal speeches or when describing the passage of time.
How does it change in a sentence?
By adding the particle も to …と, forming …とも, you create the meaning "with (someone) also" or "along with (someone) as well".
How do you pronounce it?
-to
What mistakes should you avoid?
Be careful not to use the particle で to mean "together with a person". In Japanese, で is used for tools or means.
Did you know?
- In the phrase …と一緒に ('together with'), the word 一緒 originally referred to 'one breath'. It suggests that two people are acting in such unison that they share a single breath.
- In Japanese, と can be used to quote thoughts or speech, effectively meaning 'with the feeling that' or 'saying that'. It marks the content of what someone is thinking or announcing.
- The particle と also functions as a conditional 'if', indicating that one action inevitably leads to another. For example, it can describe the result of turning a corner or pressing a button.
Examples in context
- 私は社長とともに新しいプロジェクトを進めています。I am working on a new project with the president.
- 時の流れと共に、人は変わっていくものです。With the passage of time, people change.
- 友達と映画を見に行きました。I went to see a movie with my friend.
- 彼は犬と一緒に公園を散歩しています。He is walking in the park with his dog.
Sources
- Wiktionary, “with” translations, CC BY-SA 4.0, dump of 2026-09-26.
