Gaining the ability to ask “What is it?” in Japanese is a useful skill for communication in various situations. Whether you wish to inquire about an unfamiliar object or ask for clarification, this guide will provide you with different ways to express this question, covering both formal and informal contexts. Additionally, you’ll find tips to enhance your understanding and plenty of examples to practice along the way!
Table of Contents
1. Formal Expressions
In formal settings, it’s important to maintain respectful language. Here are some phrases to use when asking “What is it?” formally:
1. 何ですか (Nan desu ka)
This is the most common and straightforward way to ask “What is it?” politely. The word 何 (nan) means “what,” and adding ですか (desu ka) turns it into a question. This expression is suitable for various situations, such as asking about an unknown object or seeking information about something you didn’t catch in conversation.
Example: これは何ですか？
(Kore wa nan desu ka?)
What is this?
In this example, “これ” (kore) means “this” and is used to refer to an object near the speaker. By combining it with “何ですか” (nan desu ka), you politely ask for its identification.
2. どういうものですか (Dou iu mono desu ka)
If you want to inquire about the functionality, nature, or characteristics of something, you can use this phrase. It translates to “What kind of thing is it?” and conveys a sense of curiosity.
Example: その建物はどういうものですか？
(Sono tatemono wa dou iu mono desu ka?)
What kind of building is that?
By using “その” (sono) which means “that,” we refer to a specific building. Placing “どういうものですか” (dou iu mono desu ka) after it, we politely inquire about its nature.
3. 何というものですか (Nan to iu mono desu ka)
This phrase carries a similar meaning to the previous one, asking “What is this called?” It is suitable when you want to know the name of something in a polite manner.
Example: この花は何というものですか？
(Kono hana wa nan to iu mono desu ka?)
What is this flower called?
Inquiring about the name of the flower, we use “この” (kono), which means “this,” followed by “花” (hana) meaning “flower,” and then “何というものですか” (nan to iu mono desu ka) to politely ask for its name.
2. Informal Expressions
Using informal language is appropriate in casual and friendly situations. Here are some ways to ask “What is it?” informally:
1. 何 (Nani)
In casual conversations, it’s common to simplify expressions. In this case, “何” (nani) alone can be used to ask “What is it?” It is important to note that while this form is less formal, it is still considered polite when used with acquaintances or people of similar age.
Example: それ、何？
(Sore, nani?)
What’s that?
Here, “それ” (sore) means “that,” and “何” (nani) is used to ask about it casually.
2. なんだろう (Nan darou)
This phrase adds a sense of uncertainty when asking “What is it?” informally. It is used when the speaker is genuinely curious and doesn’t have any particular expectations.
Example: このボタンは何だろう？
(Kono botan wa nan darou?)
I wonder what this button is?
Using “この” (kono) to refer to the button, we follow it with “ボタンは何だろう” (botan wa nan darou) to casually express our curiosity about its nature.
Conclusion
By memorizing these various expressions to ask “What is it?” in Japanese, you’ll be well-equipped to communicate effectively in both formal and informal situations. Remember to adapt your language depending on the context and relationship with the person you are speaking to.
Additionally, practice listening to conversations in Japanese or engaging in language exchanges to improve your understanding and usage of these phrases. Not only will this expand your vocabulary, but it will also boost your confidence in Japanese communication.
Have fun exploring the Japanese language and don’t hesitate to ask “What is it?” whenever necessary. Embrace the richness of the language and enjoy learning! Ganbatte kudasai!
