Learning basic phrases in different languages can greatly enhance our communication skills and help us connect with people from diverse cultural backgrounds. If you’re interested in learning how to say “what” in Hokkien, a Southern Min language widely spoken in parts of Taiwan, Malaysia, and Singapore, you’ve come to the right place! In this guide, we will explore both formal and informal ways to express “what” in Hokkien, highlighting any regional variations when necessary. Let’s dive in!
Table of Contents
Formal Expressions
When it comes to formal situations or interactions with elders, it’s important to choose the right expression to show respect. Here are a couple of formal ways to say “what” in Hokkien:
1. Eng
Eng is commonly used in formal settings to express “what.” It is a polite term equivalent to “what” in English. However, take note that this might sound slightly old-fashioned or less common in some regions.
Example:
A: Eng wa beh-khoat?
B: Ai, lín kak-iāu buē lōng ga.
(A: What are you looking for? B: I lost my keys.)
2. Chiat-to̍k-tōng
In more formal settings, such as official gatherings or when speaking to respected individuals, you can use chiat-to̍k-tōng. This phrase conveys a higher level of politeness and is similar to saying “may I ask” in English. Although it means “please speak” directly, it carries the implied meaning of “what” when used in context.
Example:
A: Chiat-to̍k-tōng Eng beh koh-hōe?
B: Wa beh chiah-it ao-á. Lí hoē Eng beh chia̍h tsit ê chi̍t-phah.
(A: May I ask what you need? B: I need a fork. Could you bring me one?)
Informal Expressions
In casual conversations or when speaking with friends and peers, informal expressions for “what” can be used more freely. Here are a few commonly used informal terms:
1. Ho
Ho is a popular informal term for “what” in Hokkien. It is versatile and can be used in a wide range of contexts, making it a handy expression to know.
Example:
A: Ho wa beh-khoat?
B: Lín tsit la̍t ho su-i kā fliánkak.
(A: What are you looking at? B: I’m watching a movie on my laptop.)
2. Sio?
Sio? is another informal way to say “what” in Hokkien. It is commonly used in casual conversations among friends or peers.
Example:
A: Sio lín m̄-sī tsi̍t-bûn?
B: Wa m̄-sī tsi̍t-bûn, wa sī góa ê gû. Eng mā.
(A: What are you doing? B: I’m not doing anything, I’m just watching TV. What about you?)
Regional Variations
Hokkien, being a language with regional variations, might have slight differences in the way “what” is expressed based on location. Here are a few notable examples:
1. Penang Hokkien
Penang Hokkien, spoken in Penang, Malaysia, has its own unique variations. Instead of “Eng,” the word êng is commonly used to say “what” in this regional variation.
Example:
A: Êng lâi beh-khoat?
B: Wa bueh ō̤-ēng, koh lâi-āu weh!
(A: What do you want to buy? B: I want to buy shoes, let’s go together!)
2. Zhangzhou Hokkien
In Zhangzhou Hokkien, spoken in the Fujian province of China, the word ā? can be used to ask “what.”
Example:
A: Wa ā wa ēng-sɛ-kùi?
B: Eng ēng-sɛ-kùi siong-tang góa siáu-mi?
(A: What should I do about my job? B: What do you want to do in the future?)
Conclusion
Learning how to say “what” in Hokkien opens up opportunities for meaningful interactions and demonstrates your interest in the language and culture. Whether you’re using formal expressions like “Eng” and “Chiat-to̍k-tōng” or opting for more casual terms like “Ho” and “Sio?”, practicing these phrases will help you navigate various social situations. Just keep in mind that regional variations may exist, such as “êng” in Penang Hokkien and “ā?” in Zhangzhou Hokkien. Remember to approach learning with an open mind, embrace the warmth of the language, connect with speakers of Hokkien, and continue expanding your linguistic horizons!
