Learning numbers is one of the fundamental steps when acquiring a new language, and Japanese is no exception. In this guide, we will explore how to express tens in Japanese, both in formal and informal contexts. We will also touch upon regional variations as necessary. So, let’s dive in and unravel the mystery of counting tens in Japanese!
Table of Contents
Formal Ways of Expressing Tens
When it comes to using numbers formally, Japanese employs a specific system for counting. Unlike English, Japanese employs a base-10 system that simplifies expressing the tens place. The word for the tens place itself is “juu.”
To express counting in tens, simply attach the number before “juu”. For example:
Example 1: 20 – nijuu
Example 2: 50 – gojuu
Notice how attaching the number to “juu” forms the word for the respective ten. Easy, isn’t it?
Informal Ways of Expressing Tens
Japanese, similar to many languages, also has informal expressions for counting tens. These are commonly used in casual conversations among friends, family, or acquaintances. Let’s explore some examples:
1. Yonjuu (40)
The most common pattern for informal speech is using “yon” instead of “shi” when forming tens. For instance:
Example 1: 40 – yonjuu
Example 2: 80 – hachijuu
2. Niju (20)
Another common way of expressing the number 20 is using “niju” instead of “nijuu”. This is a simplification frequently heard in everyday conversations:
Example 1: 20 – niju
Example 2: 70 – nanaju
Regional Variations
While the above examples cover standard Japanese, it’s important to note that regional variations exist. Different dialects in Japan may have unique ways of expressing tens. Here, we will mention a popular one:
3. Hatachiju (80)
In some parts of Japan, such as the Kansai dialect, you might come across “hatachiju” instead of “hachijuu” to express 80. This regional variation showcases the colorful linguistic diversity within Japan.
Tips for Counting Tens
To help you grasp the concept of counting tens in Japanese more effectively, we have compiled a few tips:
1. Repetition for Emphasis
If you want to emphasize a specific number while counting tens, repeat the number twice after “juu.” This technique is commonly used in various contexts:
Example 1: 99 – kyujuu kyu
Example 2: 33 – sanjuu san
Repetitions add emphasis and are handy when you want to draw attention to a specific number.
2. Practice Pronunciation
Paying attention to pronunciation is essential for clear communication. Practice saying numbers in front of a mirror or with a language partner to improve your accuracy.
3. Context Matters
Remember that the choice between formal and informal expressions depends on the situation. In formal settings, adhere to the standard “juu” structure, while in casual conversations, feel free to use the variations we mentioned.
Conclusion
Congratulations on acquiring a deeper understanding of how to say tens in Japanese! By learning the standard “juu” pattern for formal expressions and the informal variations like “yonjuu” and “niju,” you’re well-equipped to count tens in different situations. Remember to pay attention to context, practice your pronunciation, and even explore regional variations if you’re interested!
Language learning is an exciting journey, and mastering numbers is an excellent milestone. Keep practicing, and soon enough, you’ll be adding new numbers to your vocabulary with ease.
