Learning how to express the concept of “not working” in Japanese is essential for effective communication. Whether you want to explain a malfunctioning device, report an issue at work, or simply talk about something that’s not functioning properly, knowing how to convey this in different situations is crucial. In this guide, we will explore the formal and informal ways to express “not working” in Japanese, providing various tips, examples, and regional variations where relevant.
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Formal Ways to Say “Not Working” in Japanese
When it comes to formal situations, such as discussing work-related matters or speaking to superiors, it is important to use polite and appropriate language. Here are a few ways to express “not working” formally in Japanese:
1. 動作しない (Dōsā shinai)
This is a common phrase to describe something that is not functioning or operating. For example:
コンピューターが動作しない。
(Konpyūtā ga dōsā shinai.)
The computer is not working.
2. 故障している (Koshō shite iru)
Use this phrase to indicate something is broken or not working due to a malfunction:
冷蔵庫が故障している。
(Reizōko ga koshō shite iru.)
The refrigerator is not working.
3. 使用できません (Shiyō dekimasen)
This phrase conveys that something cannot be used or is unusable:
電話が使用できません。
(Denwa ga shiyō dekimasen.)
The phone is not working.
Informal Ways to Say “Not Working” in Japanese
When you are in a casual or informal setting, such as talking to friends or family, you can use less formal language to express “not working” in Japanese. Here are a few common phrases:
1. 動かない (Ugokanai)
This informal phrase simply means “it doesn’t move” and can be used to describe items that are not working:
テレビが動かない。
(Terebi ga ugokanai)
The TV is not working.
2. 故障してる (Koshō shiteru)
A more relaxed way to express that something is broken or not functioning properly:
携帯が故障してる。
(Keitai ga koshō shiteru.)
The cellphone is not working.
3. 使えない (Tsukaenai)
This phrase is similar to the formal “使用できません” and means “it’s not usable” or “can’t use it”:
掃除機が使えない。
(Sōjiki ga tsukaenai.)
The vacuum cleaner is not working.
Regional Variations
While the above phrases are generally understood throughout Japan, it’s worth noting that there might be some subtle regional variations. However, these variations would mainly affect the pronunciation rather than the meaning or usage of the phrases. For example, the word “not working” in Japanese can be pronounced as “hatsudō shinai” instead of “dōsā shinai” in certain regions, particularly in the Kansai dialect.
Additionally, some regions may have their own unique expressions for “not working,” but you can still rely on the formal and informal phrases mentioned above for clear communication across Japan.
Tips and Examples
Here are a few additional tips and examples to help you effectively express “not working” in Japanese:
1. Be mindful of appropriate language:
In formal situations, it is important to use polite language and honorifics when addressing superiors or clients. In contrast, casual situations allow for more relaxed language usage.
2. Provide context:
When explaining that something is not working, it can be helpful to provide some context or details about the issue. This allows for better understanding and assistance.
3. Use gestures or sounds:
In certain situations, using gestures or sounds, such as mimicking a broken machine or describing the noise it makes, can help convey the message more effectively.
4. Seek assistance:
If you encounter something not working, especially in a public place, don’t hesitate to ask for help. People in Japan are generally polite and willing to assist.
Now that you have learned how to say “not working” in Japanese in both formal and informal situations, you can confidently communicate any issues or malfunctions you may encounter. Remember to consider the context and choose the appropriate phrase that matches the situation. Enjoy speaking Japanese with ease and keep up the great work!
