In Spanish, the word “cousin” can be translated as “primo/prima.” However, depending on the context and the region, there are several variations and alternative expressions to refer to different types of cousins. In this guide, we will explore the different ways to say “cousin” in Spanish, both formally and informally. We will also provide tips, examples, and regional variations when necessary.
Table of Contents
1. Informal Expressions:
When referring to cousins in a casual, informal setting, most Spanish speakers use the word “primo/prima.” This term applies to both male and female cousins and is widely understood throughout the Spanish-speaking world.
Examples:
Mi primo Juan vive en Madrid.
My cousin Juan lives in Madrid.
¿Vas a la fiesta de mi prima Marta?
Are you going to my cousin Marta’s party?
2. Formal Expressions:
In more formal contexts, it is common to use the word “primo/prima” preceded by the possessive pronouns “mi” (my) or “tu” (your) to explicitly indicate the relationship between individuals. This helps avoid any ambiguity in larger family or professional settings where multiple cousins may be present.
Examples:
Mi primo José está estudiando medicina.
My cousin José is studying medicine.
Tu prima Carmen trabaja como abogada.
Your cousin Carmen works as a lawyer.
3. Regional Variations:
Although “primo/prima” is the most common term used to refer to cousins, there are some regional variations within the Spanish-speaking world. Let’s explore a few of them:
3.1. Sobrino/Sobrina:
In some Latin American countries, such as Mexico and parts of Central America, it is common to use the terms “sobrino/sobrina” (nephew/niece) to refer to cousins. This usage is more prevalent when cousins are younger or in a generation below.
Examples:
Mis sobrinos Juan y Marta están jugando en el parque.
My cousins Juan and Marta are playing in the park.
¿Vas a visitar a tus sobrinos este fin de semana?
Are you going to visit your cousins this weekend?
3.2. Primo/hermano:
In some regions of Spain, especially in Andalusia, it is common to use the word “primo/hermano” (cousin/brother) to emphasize a particularly close bond with a cousin. This expression highlights the strong familial relationship between cousins and is mostly used in colloquial or affectionate contexts.
Examples:
Mi primo/hermano Juan es mi mejor amigo.
My cousin/brother Juan is my best friend.
Voy a pasar el día con mi prima/hermana María.
I’m going to spend the day with my cousin/sister María.
Conclusion:
So, whether you want to say “cousin” in a casual or formal manner, using “primo/prima” is the most common and widely understood way. Remember that adding a possessive pronoun, such as “mi” or “tu,” can help clarify the relationship in formal settings. Additionally, it’s good to be aware of regional variations like “sobrino/sobrina” or “primo/hermano” in certain contexts or areas. Now you can confidently express the term “cousin” in Spanish across different situations!
