How to Say “What?” in Spanish When You Don’t Understand

¿Cómo?
polite
When you did not catch something, say ¿Cómo? or ¿Perdón? in Spanish. ¿Qué? is more blunt and fits friends, and in Mexico people say ¿Mande?
Meaning: asking someone to repeat (phrase)

Ways to say it

“what?” in Spanish
Spanish Note
¿Cómo? polite
¿Perdón? polite
¿Qué? casual
¿Mande? Mexico, polite

¿Cómo? and ¿Perdón? are safe with anyone. To ask for a repeat more clearly say ¿Puedes repetir, por favor?

Which one should you use?

¿Qué? can sound rude to strangers, while ¿Cómo? sounds soft. ¿Mande? is a Mexican courtesy answer, like "yes?" or "pardon?"

What mistakes should you avoid?

Do not say ¿Qué? to an older person you do not know. Choose ¿Cómo? or ¿Perdón? instead.

Did you know?

  • In Mexico servants and shop staff traditionally answered a call with ¿Mande?, and today it is a polite way to say "yes?" or "pardon?"

Examples in context

  • ¿Cómo? No te escuché.
    Pardon? I didn't hear you.
  • ¿Puede repetir, por favor?
    Can you repeat, please?
  • No entiendo. ¿Más despacio, por favor?
    I don't understand. Slower, please?

Example conversation

Visitor Jane asks a waiter named Mario to repeat the specials at a restaurant.

  1. Mario

    Hoy tenemos pescado a la plancha.
    Today we have grilled fish.
  2. Jane

    ¿Perdón? No entendí.
    Pardon? I didn't understand.
  3. Mario

    Pescado a la plancha, señorita.
    Grilled fish, miss.
  4. Jane

    Ah, gracias.
    Ah, thank you.
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Jill Leanne
Jill LeanneHelp make this guide better. Spot a mistake, know another way to say it, or have an example from real life? Share it below.
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