How to Say “What Happened” in French

qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ?
To ask what happened in French, say qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ? It asks about the events behind a situation.
qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ? is the everyday way to ask what happened, for example when you arrive and see that something is wrong. In a casual chat, Alors, raconte! invites someone to tell you the whole story. To ask more politely, say Pourriez-vous me dire ce qui s'est produit?, which means could you tell me what happened.

Which one should you use?

Que s'est-il passé ? is a more formal version that uses inversion. qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ? is used because the thing that happened is the subject of the sentence. To ask what a person did, French uses a different question built on the verb to do.

Is it said differently in some regions?

In spoken Quebec French, Qu'est-ce qui s'est passé, là? is particularly common.

How does it change in a sentence?

The question uses the passé composé to refer to a completed event in the past, which is why you see s'est passé.

Did you know?

  • French uses the reflexive form se passer to describe events happening, which literally translates to 'passing itself'.
  • The formal version Que s'est-il passé ? uses a 'dummy' pronoun il that doesn't refer to any specific person or thing.
  • The word qui used in qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ? may be onomatopoeic in origin.

Examples in context

  • Qu'est-ce qui s'est passé lors de la réunion?
    What happened during the meeting?
  • Alors, qu'est-ce qui s'est passé après que je suis parti?
    So, what happened after I left?
  • Qu'est-ce qui s'est passé hier soir ?
    What happened last night?
  • Dis-moi, qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ?
    Tell me, what happened?
  • Je ne comprends pas, qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ?
    I don't understand, what happened?

Example conversation

Nathan and Léa arrive home to find a broken vase on the floor.

  1. Nathan

    Oh non ! Qu'est-ce qui s'est passé ?
    Oh no! What happened?
  2. Léa

    Je ne sais pas, Nathan.
    I don't know, Nathan.
  3. Nathan

    Le chat a dû sauter.
    The cat must have jumped.
  4. Léa

    C'est possible.
    That's possible.

Sources

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Charlotte Stella
Charlotte StellaHelp make this guide better. Spot a mistake, know another way to say it, or have an example from real life? Share it below.
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