Learning to speak Japanese can be a fascinating journey, whether you’re planning a trip to Japan or simply interested in the language and culture. In this guide, we will explore ten useful phrases in Japanese, including both formal and informal ways to express them. While there may be regional variations, we will focus on widely understood Japanese phrases. So, let’s dive in!
Table of Contents
Greetings:
1. Konnichiwa (こんにちは) – Hello / Good afternoon
This is a versatile greeting that can be used throughout the day. “Konnichiwa” is a standard, neutral way to say hello in Japanese. It’s appropriate for any situation, both formal and informal.
Example: Konnichiwa! Watashi wa Sarah desu. Yoroshiku onegaishimasu. (Hello! I am Sarah. Nice to meet you.)
2. Ohayou gozaimasu (おはようございます) – Good morning
“Ohayou gozaimasu” is the formal way of saying “good morning” in Japanese. This phrase is most commonly used until around 10 a.m. After that, you can switch to “konnichiwa.”
Example: Ohayou gozaimasu! Genki desu ka? (Good morning! How are you?)
3. Oyasumi nasai (おやすみなさい) – Goodnight
When you’re ready to say goodnight, “oyasumi nasai” is the appropriate phrase. Whether you’re bidding farewell to a friend or saying goodnight to family members, this formal phrase is used universally.
Example: Oyasumi nasai, minna-san! (Goodnight, everyone!)
Basic Expressions:
4. Arigatou gozaimasu (ありがとうございます) – Thank you
“Arigatou gozaimasu” is the formal way of expressing gratitude in Japanese. It is a polite phrase used in various situations to show appreciation.
Example: Arigatou gozaimasu! Kyou no ryouri wa oishii desu. (Thank you! Today’s meal is delicious.)
5. Domo (どうも) – Thanks
A more casual way to say thank you is by using “domo.” It is commonly used among friends and peers, but be cautious when using it in more formal situations.
Example: Domo! Kore wa boku no o-miyage desu. (Thanks! This is my souvenir.)
Introduction:
6. Hajimemashite (はじめまして) – Nice to meet you
When introducing yourself to someone for the first time, “hajimemashite” is the perfect phrase to use. It is a formal way to express pleasure in meeting someone.
Example: Hajimemashite. Watashi wa Kenji desu. Douzo yoroshiku. (Nice to meet you. I am Kenji. Pleased to meet you.)
Apologies:
7. Sumimasen (すみません) – Excuse me / I’m sorry
“Sumimasen” serves a dual purpose in Japanese and can be used to apologize or to politely get someone’s attention. It is a versatile word when you want to express regret or ask for assistance.
Example: Sumimasen, chotto o-sakki dekimasu ka? (Excuse me, can I interrupt you for a moment?)
Requests:
8. Onegaishimasu (お願いします) – Please
When making a request or asking for something politely, “onegaishimasu” is the word to use. It conveys a respectful tone and can be considered the equivalent of “please” in English.
Example: Kudasai. Kono kaban o misete kudasai. (Please show me that bag.)
Farewells:
9. Sayonara (さようなら) – Goodbye
“Sayonara” is a well-known Japanese word for goodbye. It is formal and used when parting ways, especially when you may not see the person for some time.
Example: Sayonara! Mata ne! (Goodbye! See you later!)
10. Ja ne (じゃあね) – See you later
For a more casual farewell, you can use “ja ne.” It is fitting for friends or acquaintances and is commonly used when expressing a desire to meet again in the near future.
Example: Ja ne! Ashita aimashou. (See you later! Let’s meet tomorrow.)
Now armed with these vital phrases, you’re one step closer to mastering Japanese conversations. Remember that practicing your pronunciation and listening skills will greatly enhance your language journey. Enjoy exploring the language and culture of Japan!
