подохо́дный нало́г
podoxódnyj nalógmasculine
The English phrase "income tax" is подохо́дный нало́г (podoxódnyj nalóg) in Russian.
The phrase refers to a tax levied on income. In technical or administrative settings, you may encounter the specific phrase налог на доходы физических лиц, which translates to "tax on personal income".
Meaning: tax levied on income (noun)
What does it mean word for word?
The adjective подохо́дный is an income-based term derived from the noun дохо́д, meaning "income".
Is there a formal and an informal way to say it?
While подохо́дный нало́г is common, the term Налог на доходы is used in formal contexts. In official, legal or bureaucratic environments, speakers frequently use the acronym НДФЛ (NDFL) instead of the full phrase.
How does it change in a sentence?
When expressing possession or a relationship, such as "the amount of income tax", the phrase changes to the genitive case: подохо́дного нало́га.
How do you pronounce it?
podoxódnyj nalóg
Did you know?
- The word дохо́д (income) shares a root with the verb дойти́, which means 'to arrive' or 'to reach', metaphorically suggesting that income is what 'reaches' a person.
- The word налог comes from the Old Russian verb meaning 'to lay' or 'to place', treating the tax as something physically laid upon the citizen by the state.
- While подохо́дный нало́г is the general term, the official legal name налог на доходы физических лиц specifically distinguishes 'physical persons' from legal entities to avoid ambiguity in the tax code.
Examples in context
- Мой друг платит высокий налог на доходы каждый месяц.My friend pays a high income tax every month.
- Сколько процентов составляет налог на доходы в России?What percentage is income tax in Russia?
- Подохо́дный нало́г вычитается из зарплаты.Podokhodnyy nalog vychityayetsya iz zarplaty.The income tax is deducted from the salary.
- Я плачу подохо́дный нало́г каждый год.Ya plachu podokhodnyy nalog kazhdyy god.I pay income tax every year.
Example conversation
Anastasia and Aleksandr are discussing their monthly budgets.
- Анастасия AnastasiaАлександр, ты уже вычел подохо́дный нало́г из зарплаты?Aleksandr, ty uzhe vychel podokhodnyy nalog iz zarplaty?Aleksandr, have you already deducted the income tax from your salary?
- Александр AleksandrДа, работодатель сделал это автоматически.Da, rabotodatel sdelal eto avtomaticheski.Yes, the employer did it automatically.
- Анастасия AnastasiaЭто очень удобно.Eto ochen udobno.That is very convenient.
- Александр AleksandrСогласен, так проще следить за деньгами.Soglasen, tak proshche sledit za dengami.I agree, it's easier to track money that way.
Sources
- Wiktionary, “income tax” translations, CC BY-SA 4.0, dump of 2026-09-26.
