十分
jūbun[d͡ʑɨːbɯ̟̃ɴ]
The English phrase "enough" can be expressed in Japanese using 十分 (jūbun) or 足りる.
Meaning: sufficient (det)
Ways to say it
| Japanese | Romanization (Wiktionary) | IPA |
|---|---|---|
| 十分 | jūbun | [d͡ʑɨːbɯ̟̃ɴ] (narrow) |
| 足りる | tariru | [ta̠ɾʲiɾɯ̟] (narrow) |
十分 (jūbun) is used to describe a sufficient amount or to mean "sufficiently" or "plenty," often appearing in the adverbial form 十分に or 充分に. In contrast, 足りる (tariru) is a verb used to express the action of being enough or sufficient.
Which one should you use?
十分 (jūbun) acts as a noun or an adjective to describe a sufficient amount, whereas 足りる (tariru) is a verb meaning "to be sufficient" or "to be enough".
Related words
How do you pronounce it?
jūbun
Did you know?
- Japanese speakers often avoid saying 十分です (it is enough) when refusing more food, as it can sound too blunt. Instead, they might use phrases that imply they are 'full' to be more polite.
- The verb 足りる is related to the noun 足 (ashi), meaning 'foot'. Historically, the idea of 'reaching' or 'stopping at' a certain point was linked to the physical act of stepping.
- The word 十分 can be read as juubun when meaning 'enough', but it is read as juppun when referring to the literal 'ten minutes' of time.
Examples in context
- それで十分？Is it enough?This example shows how to ask if something is sufficient using 十分.Tatoeba #8719362 by bunbuku, translation #2248454 by CK
- 水は十分ある。We have enough water.This example uses 十分 to state that there is a sufficient amount of water.Tatoeba #143758 by tommy__san, translation #1276148 by CK
- 十分に幸せだ。I'm happy enough.This example uses the adverbial form of 十分 to describe being happy enough.Tatoeba #148038 by small_snow, translation #920202 by Shiawase
- これでじゅうぶんです。This is enough.
- お金はじゅうぶんにあります。I have enough money.
- 充分に考えた後で、答えてください。Please answer after giving it enough thought.
- もういいから、ありがとう。It's enough, thank you.
- 128 more sentences on Tatoeba
Example conversation
Kaito and Misaki are preparing food for a party.
- 大翔 Hirotoお皿は十分あるかな？Osara wa juubun aru kana?I wonder if we have enough plates?
- 美咲 Misakiうん、十分あると思うよ。Un, juubun aru to omou yo.Yes, I think we have enough.
- 大翔 Hiroto飲み物も準備した？Nomimono mo junbi shita?Did you prepare the drinks too?
- 美咲 Misakiもちろんだよ。準備は十分だよ。Mochiron da yo. Junbi wa juubun da yo.Of course. The preparations are sufficient.
Sources
- Wiktionary, “enough” translations and entries 十分, 足りる, CC BY-SA 4.0, dump of 2026-09-26.
- Example sentences: Tatoeba CC BY 2.0 FR.
