Whether you are planning a trip to China or simply interested in learning Mandarin, knowing how to ask “What are you doing?” can help you engage in conversations and connect with locals. In this guide, we will explore both formal and informal ways to ask this question, along with some tips, examples, and regional variations.
Table of Contents
Formal Ways to Ask “What Are You Doing?”
When addressing someone formally in China, it’s important to use polite language and show respect. Here are some formal ways to ask “What are you doing?” in Mandarin:
1. 你在做什么？(Nǐ zài zuò shénme?)
This is the most standard way to ask the question. It is widely understood and can be used in almost any formal situation.
2. 请问您在忙什么？(Qǐngwèn nín zài máng shénme?)
This phrase is particularly polite and respectful. It is commonly used when addressing elders, superiors, or people of higher social standing.
3. 请问您正在从事何项工作？(Qǐngwèn nín zhèngzài cóngshì hé xiàng gōngzuò?)
This phrase, which translates to “What work are you currently engaged in?”, shows even more formality and is suitable for professional or business settings.
Informal Ways to Ask “What Are You Doing?”
When interacting with friends, acquaintances, or peers, you can use more casual and relaxed language to ask “What are you doing?”. Here are some informal options:
1. 你在干嘛？(Nǐ zài gàn má?)
This is one of the most commonly used informal phrases among friends. It is straightforward and relaxed.
2. 你在忙什么呢？(Nǐ zài máng shénme ne?)
This phrase is slightly more polite than the previous one and can be used with friends or acquaintances.
3. 做什么呢？(Zuò shénme ne?)
This is a very casual way to ask “What are you doing?” and is often used when talking to close friends or family members.
Tips and Examples
Tone and Non-verbal Cues
In China, communication goes beyond just the words spoken. Pay attention to your tone, facial expressions, and body language to convey the right message:
- Use a friendly tone and smile to show warmth and friendliness.
- Be aware of cultural norms regarding personal space and physical contact.
- Maintain respectful eye contact during the conversation.
- Listen actively and show interest in the other person’s response.
Regional Variations
While Mandarin Chinese is the official language of China, there are regional variations in dialects and vocabulary. However, the phrases mentioned earlier are widely understood throughout most of China. Nonetheless, here are a few regional variations:
Note: These phrases may not be understood universally and are specific to certain regions or dialects. It’s best to stick to the standard Mandarin phrases mentioned earlier to ensure clear communication.
- In Cantonese (spoken in Guangdong province and Hong Kong), “What are you doing?” translates to “Nei5 ceot1 hai6 maa1?” (你做咩？).
- In Sichuanese (spoken in Sichuan province), “What are you doing?” translates to “Nǐ zēnme guò?” (你怎么过？).
Examples:
- Formal Example: 请问您在忙什么？(Qǐngwèn nín zài máng shénme?)
- Informal Example: 你在干嘛？(Nǐ zài gàn má?)
- Regional Example (Cantonese): Nei5 ceot1 hai6 maa1? (你做咩？)
Remember, practice makes perfect! Try using these phrases in different contexts and with various individuals. Learning to adapt your language to different situations will help you communicate effectively and build meaningful connections in China. Enjoy your language journey!
