Gaining the ability to express time in a foreign language can be extremely useful, especially when communicating with native speakers. Chinese is no exception. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore how to say time in Chinese, covering both formal and informal ways. We will also touch on regional variations, although focus primarily on the standardized Mandarin Chinese dialect. Let’s dive in and discover how the Chinese language handles the concept of time!
Table of Contents
Formal Ways to Express Time
When engaging in professional or formal situations, it is important to use the appropriate and respectful vocabulary to express time. Here are some essential phrases:
1. Asking for the Time:
If you need to inquire about the time, you can ask:
“请问现在几点？” (Qǐng wèn xiànzài jǐ diǎn?)
This phrase translates to “Excuse me, what time is it now?” Be sure to use polite language such as “请问” (Qǐng wèn) to maintain a respectful tone when making such inquiries.
2. Talking About Specific Times:
When discussing specific times, it is important to follow a standardized structure in Chinese. Typically, Chinese speakers begin with the hour and then proceed to minutes. The following example illustrates how you should express time:
“我约了三点半的会议。” (Wǒ yuē le sān diǎn bàn de huìyì.)
This sentence translates to “I have a meeting at three-thirty (3:30).” Note that “半” (bàn) means “half” and is used to indicate “30 minutes” in this context.
3. Discussing the Duration of Time:
When referring to the duration of time, use the phrase:
“持续了两小时。” (Chíxù le liǎng xiǎoshí.)
This translates to “It lasted for two hours.” The use of “持续了” (Chíxù le) indicates the duration, followed by the measure word “小时” (xiǎoshí) meaning “hours.”
Informal and Conversational Ways to Express Time
Informal settings and conversations with friends may call for a more relaxed approach to expressing time. Here are some common phrases:
1. Simplified Time Expressions:
Chinese speakers often omit certain words when expressing time casually. For example:
“现在几点了？” (Xiànzài jǐ diǎn le?)
This translates to “What time is it now?” The omission of “请问” (Qǐng wèn) makes it more informal and suitable for friends or acquaintances.
2. Using “现在” (Xiànzài) for “Now”:
In informal contexts, it is common to use “现在” (Xiànzài) meaning “now” as a standalone phrase to inquire about the time:
“现在几点啊？” (Xiànzài jǐ diǎn a?)
This translates to “What time is it now?” The addition of “啊” (a) adds a sense of familiarity and informality to the question.
Examples:
Let’s explore some additional examples to solidify your understanding of expressing time in Chinese:
1. Asking for the Time:
- 请问现在几点？ (Qǐng wèn xiànzài jǐ diǎn?) – Excuse me, what time is it now?
- 现在几点了？ (Xiànzài jǐ diǎn le?) – What time is it now?
2. Talking About Specific Times:
- 我约了三点半的会议。 (Wǒ yuē le sān diǎn bàn de huìyì.) – I have a meeting at three-thirty (3:30).
- 我们明天六点去吃晚饭。 (Wǒmen míngtiān liù diǎn qù chī wǎnfàn.) – We’ll have dinner at six o’clock tomorrow.
Conclusion
Expressing time in Chinese is a vital skill that enhances your ability to communicate effectively and politely. By understanding the formal and informal ways to discuss time, you not only navigate professional situations with ease but also engage in casual conversations. Remember to utilize the phrases and examples provided in this guide, and practice regularly to become more fluent in expressing time in Chinese. Enjoy your language learning journey and have a great time communicating in Mandarin Chinese!
