Gaining proficiency in Japanese involves mastering various vocabulary and understanding how to express different concepts. When it comes to expressing the idea of “next to,” there are several ways to convey this meaning in Japanese. In this guide, we will explore the formal and informal ways of saying “next to” in Japanese, along with some helpful tips, examples, and regional variations. So, let’s get started!
Table of Contents
1. Saying “Next to” in Formal Japanese:
In formal Japanese, the most common way to express “next to” is by using the word “tonari” (隣). Let’s look at some examples:
彼は私の隣に座りました。
(Kare wa watashi no tonari ni suwari-mashita.)
He sat next to me.
In the above example, “tonari” is used to denote the position of someone sitting next to “me.”
Alternatively, you can also use the phrase “no tonari” (の隣) to specify something or someone that is next to another object. Take a look at this example:
あのビルの隣の公園がきれいです。
(Ano biru no tonari no kōen ga kirei desu.)
The park next to that building is beautiful.
Here, “no tonari” emphasizes the park which is situated next to the mentioned building.
2. Saying “Next to” in Informal Japanese:
In informal Japanese, you can use the word “chikaku” (近く) to convey the idea of “next to.” Let’s see it in action:
あのカフェ、駅の近くにあります。
(Ano kafe, eki no chikaku ni arimasu.)
That café is located near the station.
Here, “chikaku” is used to express the proximity of the café to the station.
Tips for Using “Next to” in Japanese:
Tip 1: Pay Attention to Word Order:
In Japanese, the word order is different from English. The object being described as “next to” usually comes before the word indicating “next to.” For example:
あのパン屋さんの隣が図書館です。
(Ano pan-ya-san no tonari ga toshokan desu.)
The library is next to the bakery.
Tip 2: Be Mindful of Context:
Japanese relies heavily on context, so make sure the surrounding statements or situation provide enough information for the listener or reader to understand what is being referred to as “next to.”
Tip 3: Utilize Additional Particles:
Particles such as “no” (の), “ni” (に), or “ga” (が) may accompany the expression “next to” to clarify the relationship between the objects. Pay attention to these particles in different sentence structures.
Regional Variations:
While the usage of “tonari” and “chikaku” is commonly understood across Japan, regional variations do exist. For instance:
- In the Kansai region, “yoko” (横) is often used instead of “tonari” to mean “next to.” (e.g., “yoko no heya” instead of “tonari no heya” for “next room”)
- In some dialects, “mae” (前) might be used to express “next to” or “in front of.”
It’s important to be aware of these regional differences, especially when interacting with locals within specific areas in Japan.
Conclusion:
Mastering how to say “next to” in Japanese can greatly enhance your language skills and make your conversations more nuanced. By using “tonari” in formal Japanese and “chikaku” in informal Japanese, you can effectively express the concept of proximity. Remember to pay attention to word order, utilize correct particles, and consider regional variations. With practice and exposure to different contexts, you’ll become more confident in expressing “next to” in various situations. Happy learning!
