Celebrating birthdays is an important tradition in Korea, and it’s always a special occasion when someone reaches an older age. If you’re wondering how to say “happy birthday” to an elder in Korean, this guide will provide you with formal and informal ways, along with some regional variations if necessary. Let’s dive in and explore the various ways to wish someone a happy birthday in Korean!
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Formal Ways to Say Happy Birthday
When addressing someone older or in a formal setting, it’s important to use respectful and polite language. Here are some phrases you can use to wish an elder a happy birthday formally:
- 생신 축하드립니다 (Saengsin chukha-deurimnida) – This is the most common and formal way to say “Happy Birthday.” It conveys a sense of respect and well-wishes.
- 새해 복 많이 받으세요 (Sae-hae bok mani badeuseyo) – This phrase is typically used to wish someone a happy new year but can also be used to wish them a happy birthday. It means “May you receive many blessings in the new year,” indicating good wishes for the coming year of their life.
- 건강하시고 행복하세요 (Geon-ganghasigo haengbokhaseyo) – This phrase means “Stay healthy and be happy.” It’s a thoughtful way to wish an elder good health and happiness on their birthday.
Informal Ways to Say Happy Birthday
In more casual settings or when addressing someone closer to your age, you can use informal language to say happy birthday. Here are some common phrases for a more relaxed tone:
- 생일 축하해 (Saeng-il chukha-hae) – This is the standard and widely used phrase for saying “Happy Birthday” in a casual setting. It expresses a friendly and warm tone.
- 생일 축하해요 (Saeng-il chukha-haeyo) – This is the polite form of the informal phrase mentioned above. You can use this when you want to maintain a level of politeness even in a casual conversation.
- 생일 축하드려요 (Saeng-il chukha-deuryeo) – This is another polite form that conveys a sense of respect while maintaining an informal tone. It can be used when you want to show respect to an elder while still being friendly.
Regional Variations
Korea has different dialects and regional variations in spoken language. Although the phrases mentioned above work universally, certain variations exist in different regions. Here are a few examples:
In the Jeolla region, people say “생신 축하합시다 (Saengsin chukha-hamsida)” to wish someone a happy birthday formally.
Birthday Greetings and Wishes
In addition to saying “Happy Birthday,” you might want to include some additional greetings and wishes to make the occasion even more special. Here are some phrases you can use:
- 장수하시길 바랍니다 (Jangsu-hasigil barapnida) – This phrase means “Wishing you a long life.” It’s a sincere wish for longevity on their birthday.
- 모든 소원이 이뤄지길 바랍니다 (Modeun sowoni irwojigil barapnida) – This phrase translates to “May all your wishes come true.” It’s a warm and heartfelt wish for the fulfillment of their dreams and desires.
- 행운이 가득한 하루 되세요 (Haenguni gadeukhan haru doeseyo) – This phrase means “Wishing you a day filled with luck.” It’s a cheerful and positive way to express your hopes for a fortunate and joyful birthday.
Conclusion
Celebrating a birthday is a special occasion to show your love, respect, and well-wishes for someone, especially if they are older. In Korean culture, it’s important to use the appropriate expressions based on the level of formality and the relationship you have with the person. Whether you choose to use formal or informal language, the right words will surely bring a smile to their face. Remember, the most important thing is to express your genuine care and warm wishes for their special day.
