Japanese, with its rich vocabulary and complex grammar structures, offers various ways to express the concept of “doing.” In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the formal and informal ways to say “doing” in Japanese. We will also provide examples, tips, and even touch upon regional variations, if necessary. Whether you are a beginner or an advanced learner, this guide aims to enhance your understanding and mastery of this fundamental aspect of the Japanese language.
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Formal Ways to Say “Doing”
When it comes to formal language in Japanese, it is important to use polite forms of speech. This extends to expressing actions or activities. Here are a few formal ways to say “doing” in Japanese:
1. します – Shimasu
The most common and versatile formal way to say “doing” in Japanese is by using the verb “します” (shimasu). This verb can be combined with the noun or activity you want to express. For example:
日本語を勉強します。
Nihongo o benkyō shimasu.
I study Japanese.
In this example, “を” (o) is the particle that indicates the direct object, and “勉強” (benkyō) means “study.” By combining them with “します” (shimasu), we express the action of studying.
2. なさいます – Nasaimasu
In more formal situations or when showing utmost respect, the honorific verb form “なさいます” (nasaimasu) can be used instead of “します” (shimasu). The honorific form is often employed when referring to actions performed by someone of higher social status or who deserves special respect. For example:
先生は毎朝早く起きなさいます。
Sensei wa maiasa hayaku okinasaimasu.
The teacher gets up early every morning.
In this sentence, “先生” (sensei) means “teacher,” and “起き” (oki) means “get up.” By using the honorific form “なさいます” (nasaimasu), we show respect when talking about the teacher’s actions.
Informal Ways to Say “Doing”
Informal language is commonly used among friends, family, or in casual situations. When expressing actions or activities in an informal context, the Japanese language provides alternative expressions. Let’s explore a few informal ways to say “doing” in Japanese:
1. する – Suru
Similar to the formal verb “します” (shimasu), the informal version is “する” (suru). This verb is used to express various actions or activities in more relaxed settings, among peers, or in everyday conversations. Here’s an example:
友達と買い物する。
Tomodachi to kaimono suru.
I go shopping with my friend.
In this case, “友達” (tomodachi) means “friend,” and “買い物” (kaimono) means “shopping.” By using the informal verb “する” (suru), we express the action of going shopping in a casual manner.
2. やる – Yaru
Another informal way to say “doing” is by using the verb “やる” (yaru). This verb is commonly used in informal speech, especially among friends or when referring to less serious or everyday activities. Let’s look at an example:
映画をやる。
Eiga o yaru.
I’m watching a movie.
In this sentence, “映画” (eiga) means “movie.” By using the informal verb “やる” (yaru), we communicate that we are doing the less formal activity of watching a movie.
Regional Variations
While the main focus of this guide is on formal and informal ways to say “doing” in Japanese, it’s worth noting that regional variations can exist within the language. These variations mainly affect accents, dialects, and certain vocabulary choices. However, when it comes to expressing actions or activities, the basic structure and verbs remain relatively consistent across Japan.
Summary
In summary, when it comes to expressing “doing” in Japanese, the choice of language style depends on the formality of the situation. In formal contexts, “します” (shimasu) and “なさいます” (nasaimasu) are commonly used. On the other hand, in informal or casual situations, the verbs “する” (suru) and “やる” (yaru) are preferred. Remember to adjust your language to match the situation appropriately.
By mastering these different ways to say “doing” in Japanese, you’ll be able to navigate various social contexts and engage in meaningful conversations. Whether you’re speaking formally or informally, always pay attention to the nuances of the language and adapt accordingly. Enjoy learning Japanese and exploring the diverse expressions of “doing” within this fascinating language!
