Are you looking to expand your French vocabulary? One important word to know is “broken.” Whether you want to describe a broken object or convey a state of physical or emotional distress, we’ve got you covered. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore formal and informal ways to say “broken” in French, providing helpful tips, examples, and even a look at regional variations. So, let’s dive in and learn how to express “broken” in French!
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Formal Ways to Say “Broken” in French
When speaking formally, it’s essential to use appropriate language and understand the nuances of communication. Here are some formal expressions for “broken” in French:
1. Cassé(e)
The most common way to say “broken” in French is “cassé(e).” This adjective is used for objects or things that are physically damaged or no longer in working condition. Let’s see it in action:
La vitre de la fenêtre est cassée.
The window pane is broken.
When using “cassé” in the feminine form, make sure to add an extra “e” at the end.
2. Abîmé(e)
Another word to express “broken” in a formal context is “abîmé(e).” It is generally used to describe objects that are damaged or scratched. Take a look at this example:
Ce livre est abîmé.
This book is damaged.
Remember to match the gender and number of the noun when using “abîmé.”
3. Défectueux (défectueuse)
If an object is malfunctioning or not in proper working order, you can use the word “défectueux” or “défectueuse.” Here’s an example of its usage:
Le lave-linge est défectueux.
The washing machine is broken.
Note that “défectueux” changes in gender depending on the noun it refers to.
Informal Ways to Say “Broken” in French
In informal situations, such as conversations with friends or family, you can use more casual expressions to talk about something being “broken.” Let’s explore some informal alternatives:
1. Pété(e)
“Pété(e)” is a popular informal term used to describe things that are broken or damaged. It can also be used figuratively to express emotional distress. Check out this example:
J’ai marché sur mon téléphone, il est complètement pété.
I stepped on my phone, it’s completely broken.
Adapt the ending of “pété” to match the number and gender of the noun it modifies.
2. Foutu(e)
“Foutu(e)” is another informal term commonly used in spoken French to mean “broken” or “done for.” It’s often used for objects, but can also convey a sense of frustration or hopelessness. Here’s an example:
J’ai essayé de réparer cette chaise, mais elle est foutue.
I tried to fix this chair, but it’s broken.
Remember, just like other adjectives, “foutue” must agree with the noun it describes.
Regional Variations
French is spoken in various regions around the world, and as a result, certain regional variations exist when it comes to expressions like “broken.” While the formal and informal ways described above are generally understood throughout the French-speaking world, it’s essential to note that regional differences may exist. Some variations include:
1. Brisé(e) – Canadian French
In Canadian French, you may come across the adjective “brisé(e)” to describe something broken. It functions similarly to “cassé(e)” in standard French. Here’s an example:
La poignée de porte est brisée.
The door handle is broken.
2. Niqué(e) – French Slang
In informal or slang contexts, especially among young people, the word “niqué(e)” is occasionally used to express “broken.” However, please note that this term is quite strong and considered vulgar, so use it with caution or only in appropriate situations.
Conclusion
Congratulations! You’ve now mastered multiple ways to say “broken” in French. Whether you’re communicating formally or informally, you can confidently use these expressions to describe broken objects or convey a sense of physical or emotional distress. Remember to adapt the adjective endings to match the gender and number of the noun you’re referring to, and be aware of any regional variations that might exist. Keep practicing and incorporating these words into your French conversations, and you’ll continue to expand your language skills!
