Learning how to say “borrow” in Japanese is an essential skill when communicating in the language. Whether you are traveling, studying, or simply interacting with Japanese speakers, being able to express your need to borrow something is highly useful. In this guide, we will explore both the formal and informal ways to say “borrow” in Japanese, providing you with tips, examples, and regional variations. Let’s dive in!
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Formal Ways to Say “Borrow” in Japanese
When it comes to formal situations, such as speaking with respected individuals, elders, or your superiors, it is important to use polite language. Here are some formal ways to say “borrow” in Japanese:
- 借ります (Karimasu) – This is the most common and polite way to say “borrow” in Japanese. It can be used in various situations, such as asking to borrow an item or requesting to borrow money. For example:
“すみません、この本を借ります。” (Sumimasen, kono hon o karimasu.)
“Excuse me, may I borrow this book?”
“お金を借ります。” (Okane o karimasu.)
“I would like to borrow some money.”
お借りします (Okarishimasu) – This phrase is even more polite and respectful than “karimasu.” It is often used in formal settings and shows a higher level of politeness. Here’s an example:
“大変恐縮ですが、この傘をお借りします。” (Taihen kyōshuku desu ga, kono kasa o okarishimasu.)
“I’m terribly sorry, but may I borrow this umbrella?”
拝借する (Haishaku suru) – This phrase is extremely polite and is used to express the act of borrowing with the utmost respect. It is less commonly used in everyday conversations but can be encountered in formal or written contexts. For instance:
“教えていただけますか。お名前を拝借します。” (Oshiete itadakemasu ka. Onamae o haishaku shimasu.)
“Could you please tell me your name? I would like to borrow it.”
Informal Ways to Say “Borrow” in Japanese
When you are in a casual setting, surrounded by friends, family, or people of similar age and status, you can use more familiar language to say “borrow” in Japanese. Here are a few informal expressions:
- 借りる (Kariru) – This is the simple and commonly used way to say “borrow” informally. It is suitable for everyday conversations among acquaintances. For example:
“このペン、借りてもいい？” (Kono pen, karitemo ii?)
“Can I borrow this pen?”
“お前に本貸すから返さなきゃ。” (Omae ni hon kasu kara kaesanakya.)
“I’ll lend you a book, so you have to return it.”
貸して (Kashite) – This is a more colloquial way of saying “Please lend me” or “Let me borrow” in Japanese. It can be used among friends or peers. For instance:
“そのCD、貸してよ。” (Sono CD, kashite yo.)
“Please lend me that CD.”
“財布を貸してくれない？” (Saifu o kashite kurenai?)
“Won’t you lend me your wallet?”
借りてもいい？ (Karitemo ii?) – This is a very casual way of asking permission to borrow something and can be used among close friends or family members. An example would be:
“パソコン、借りてもいい？” (Pasokon, karitemo ii?)
“Can I borrow your computer?”
Tips for Using “Borrow” in Japanese
Now that you know the formal and informal ways to say “borrow” in Japanese, here are some additional tips to enhance your understanding and usage:
- Context Matters: Always consider the situation and the level of formality required. Adjust your language accordingly.
- Pronunciation: Pay attention to the pronunciation of the words and phrases. Practice speaking them to ensure clear communication.
- Body Language: In addition to verbal expressions, body language can also be used to indicate your intention to borrow something. Gestures like extending your hand or pointing can be helpful cues.
- Gratitude: Remember to express your gratitude when someone lends you something. Saying “ありがとうございます” (Arigatōgozaimasu) or “Thank you very much” is always appreciated.
By incorporating these tips, you will be able to confidently express your need to borrow something in Japanese, whether it’s in a formal or informal scenario.
Keep in mind that language usage can vary across different regions of Japan, and additional dialectical variations may exist. We have covered the broader, more universally understood expressions in this guide. However, it’s beneficial to be aware of any regional variations if you are planning to visit specific areas.
Now that you have a comprehensive guide on how to say “borrow” in Japanese, both formally and informally, it’s time to practice and incorporate these expressions into your conversations. Enjoy learning the language and making meaningful connections along the way!
