Jacqueline Ashley

The English phrase “xia dynasty” is translated into Mandarin as 夏朝. 夏朝 refers to the first dynasty in traditional Chinese historiography.

The English phrase ‘prices’ is translated into Mandarin as 价格. 价格 refers to the amount of money for which something is sold.

大阪 is the Mandarin Chinese name for the city of Osaka in Japan. The term is used as a proper noun to refer to the specific city located in Honshū, Japan.

The English phrase “happy family” can be expressed in Mandarin as 阖家幸福.

The Mandarin word for Syria is 叙利亚. 叙利亚 is the standard Mandarin term used to refer to the country in West Asia.

The English phrase pencil sharpener is translated into Mandarin as 卷笔刀. A pencil sharpener is a device used to sharpen the lead and wood of a pencil.

In Mandarin, quinoa is 印地安麥 / 印地安麦. The term refers to the plant and seed *Chenopodium quinoa*.